Pillars of Power – PSUs Driving Viksit Bharat
India’s journey towards sustainable growth and technological self-reliance is being powered by a cadre of visionary public sector undertakings (PSUs) in the energy sector. These institutions are not just contributing to the nation’s infrastructure and energy security but are also leading the charge in innovation, resilience, and sustainable development. Our cover story highlights the PSUs that have emerged as true pillars of progress, redefining India’s development narrative through forward-looking strategies, renewable energy adoption, and eco-conscious practices.
The selection of these PSUs was made through careful consideration, keeping a keen eye on their commitment to transitioning towards net zero and the green initiatives they have championed. From pioneering renewable energy projects to implementing energy-efficient solutions, these organisations are demonstrating how public enterprises can drive both growth and sustainability. By spotlighting their efforts, we celebrate the institutions that are shaping India’s energy future, expanding access, enhancing infrastructure, and embracing environmentally responsible practices. Together, they exemplify the spirit of national advancement, proving that progress, innovation, and sustainability can go hand in hand in building a Viksit Bharat.
- IOCL – Indian Oil Corporation of India
Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL), long embedded in daily life across refineries, fuel stations, and pipelines, is now steering a major shift toward cleaner energy. With initiatives in green hydrogen, biofuels, solar power, EV charging, E20 fuel, compressed biogas, and hydrogen mobility, the company is redefining India’s energy future through innovation, sustainability, and a clear commitment to Net Zero.
Green Initiatives
IndianOil’s sustainability journey is increasingly defined by concrete measures that cut emissions, with much of this progress driven by its expanding portfolio of cleaner products. Ethanol-blended petrol, low-emission fuels such as Xtragreen and XP95, and bio-based offerings under the IndiGreen compressed biogas brand are now widely available, enabling consumers to shift toward greener mobility choices. The company is also advancing India’s natural gas ecosystem by developing infrastructure for households, industries, and transportation. Its leading role in the SATAT initiative is helping convert organic waste into CBG, creating renewable energy while supporting rural livelihoods. In parallel, IndianOil is working to boost natural gas availability nationwide in line with India’s goal of achieving a 15% share of natural gas in the energy mix by 2030.
Electric mobility is another growing pillar, with thousands of EV charging stations already operational and more being added rapidly. Over half of IndianOil’s fuel stations now use solar power, contributing to a wider decentralised renewable energy network. Beyond its operations, the company undertakes significant conservation efforts, including developing green belts, managing millions of trees, and supporting wildlife initiatives such as rhino protection and Project Cheetah. Together, these actions underscore IndianOil’s commitment to practical, scalable sustainability that aligns with India’s long-term clean energy transition.
Energy Transition
IndianOil’s pathway to achieving net-zero operational emissions by 2046 is built on a clear, phased roadmap that targets every major contributor to its carbon footprint. Since refinery and petrochemical operations account for most of its emissions, the company is prioritising systematic reductions through efficiency upgrades, cleaner fuels, and the adoption of advanced technologies. Refineries are enhancing boiler and furnace performance, transitioning from liquid fuels to natural gas, increasing reliance on grid electricity, and optimising residue processing — measures that directly lower Scope 1 and 2 emissions. Over the long term, IndianOil plans to integrate carbon capture, utilisation and storage, expand green hydrogen use, and scale renewable energy production.
Renewable power will be crucial for meeting the energy demands of upcoming refinery expansions, with the company aiming to grow its renewable portfolio to the gigawatt scale. Bio-based fuels like compressed biogas will further support national clean energy goals. IndianOil is also decarbonising its logistics by expanding cross-country pipeline use, which emits far less than road or rail transport, while widespread solar adoption at retail outlets contributes to decentralised clean energy generation.
To ensure consistent progress, IndianOil is investing in workforce training, cross-functional collaboration, and value-chain engagement. Collectively, these efforts stabilise emissions even as operations expand, reflecting a practical, capability-driven approach to reaching net-zero by 2046.
- BPCL – Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL) is spearheading India’s clean-energy shift with a 2040 Net Zero (Scope 1 and 2) goal, major green-hydrogen deployment, growing renewable capacity, and energy-efficient, circular-economy refinery operations. Its vast fuel network is evolving into a multi-energy ecosystem with EV charging, CNG, flexi-fuels and future hydrogen options, strengthening India’s sustainable and future-ready energy landscape.
Energy Transition
BPCL has set a target to achieve Net Zero (Scope 1 and 2) emissions by 2040 and is pursuing a wide range of initiatives to support this transition. At its Bina Refinery, the company has commissioned a 5 MW green-hydrogen plant powered by renewable sources such as solar and wind, enabling an important shift toward low-carbon fuels. The refinery is also developing a 15-tonne-per-day Bio-CNG plant that will use paddy straw and other agricultural residues, with an expected abatement potential of about 20,000 tonnes of CO₂ equivalent annually once operational in FY 2026–27. BPCL is expanding its renewable-energy portfolio as well, with around 62.3 MW already installed — including nearly 11.8 MW of wind power — and plans to significantly scale up solar and wind capacity for captive use.
Through its marketing network, BPCL is transforming many fuel stations into integrated “Energy Stations” that offer CNG, EV charging, flexi-fuels and, in the future, hydrogen, supporting cleaner mobility solutions. Across its refineries, the company has implemented multiple energy-efficiency measures such as waste-heat recovery, high-efficiency boilers, LED upgrades and process improvements, resulting in meaningful reductions in energy consumption. At Bina, BPCL has further strengthened its circularity efforts through a Zero Liquid Discharge system and by achieving Zero Waste to Landfill certification with over 99% waste diversion. Together, these initiatives highlight BPCL’s comprehensive approach to decarbonisation, renewable-energy integration and sustainable operations.
Green Initiatives
BPCL’s refineries operate under robust environmental and energy-management frameworks, including ISO 14001 and ISO 50001 certifications, ensuring continual monitoring and improved sustainability performance. At the Mumbai Refinery, several green measures have been implemented, such as a rooftop solar plant, complete LED lighting transition, and real-time environmental monitoring systems. The refinery also undertakes rainwater harvesting to enhance groundwater recharge and uses enzyme-based bioremediation to safely treat oily sludge. Biodiversity conservation is supported through dedicated green zones, including butterfly gardens that nurture native species.
At the Bina Refinery, BPCL has deployed large-scale sustainability practices. The refinery operates with a Zero Liquid Discharge system, ensuring all treated wastewater is reused, and diverts over 99% of its waste from landfill through resource recovery and recycling. Extensive green-belt development has resulted in the plantation of over 500,000 trees, strengthening local ecology. Rainwater-harvesting structures with a combined capacity of about 170,000 cubic metres contribute to regional water security. The commissioning of a green-hydrogen plant at Bina further marks BPCL’s shift towards cleaner fuels and reduced carbon intensity.
BPCL’s sustainability efforts also extend to community-focused environmental initiatives under its CSR programmes, covering water conservation, waste-management awareness, afforestation, and ecological restoration. These actions reinforce the company’s broader goals of operational efficiency, pollution control, renewable-energy expansion, and responsible resource use.
- HPCL – Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited
Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) is driving a focused transition to cleaner energy with a validated Net Zero (Scope 1 & 2) target for 2040. Through renewable-power expansion, biofuels, CBG, green hydrogen, energy-efficiency upgrades and digital solutions, supported by its HP Green R&D Centre, the company is advancing low-carbon operations aligned with India’s climate goals.
Energy Transition
HPCL has outlined a robust strategy to achieve Net Zero (Scope 1 & 2) emissions by 2040, supported by a validated roadmap and a dedicated Energy Transition Cell. Its decarbonisation plan is anchored around key levers such as fuel substitution, green hydrogen adoption, renewable-energy expansion, enhanced energy efficiency, advanced refining technologies, flare-gas reduction and carbon-capture or offset mechanisms.
To drive these initiatives, HPCL has consolidated its clean-energy programmes under its wholly owned subsidiary, HPCL Renewable & Green Energy Ltd. (HPRGE), which focuses on renewables, biofuels, green hydrogen, carbon-offset projects and other alternative-energy ventures. The company is significantly scaling up solar and wind capacity through ground-mounted, rooftop and hybrid systems across refineries, depots and retail locations. Its biofuels efforts are advancing rapidly, with higher ethanol blending in motor spirit, retailing of compressed biogas (CBG), commissioning of CBG plants and the development of second-generation ethanol projects using lignocellulosic feedstock.
Alongside these energy initiatives, HPCL is embracing digital transformation through AI, machine learning and digital-twin technologies to improve operational efficiency, optimise asset management and reduce emissions. Under its broader T25 strategy, covering up to 2025–26, HPCL aims to evolve into a diversified multi-energy green corporation by strengthening its presence in renewables, biofuels, petrochemicals and green hydrogen, aligning its portfolio with global ESG and climate goals.
Green Initiatives
HPCL has implemented a broad range of green initiatives aimed at advancing clean energy, improving resource efficiency and embedding sustainability across its value chain. The company continues to expand its renewable-energy capacity through dedicated wind farms and an extensive network of solar installations, including rooftop systems at retail outlets, depots and operational facilities. Floating solar projects and hybrid wind–solar systems further diversify its clean-power mix, while captive renewable generation is steadily growing under HPCL Renewable & Green Energy Ltd.
In the biofuels segment, HPCL has strengthened its ethanol-blending programme, introducing E20 fuel at select outlets and steadily increasing ethanol content in petrol. It has also launched biodiesel-blended marine fuel to promote cleaner maritime operations. Through the SATAT initiative, the company supports the development of Compressed Biogas plants and expands waste-to-energy capacity, backed by long-term offtake commitments to CBG producers.
Operationally, HPCL prioritises environmental stewardship through water-conservation projects, recycling systems and efficient effluent treatment at refineries and facilities. Afforestation and green-belt development enhance local ecology, while energy-efficiency initiatives—such as advanced lighting, process optimisation and renewables-powered utilities—contribute to reduced energy consumption.
Through the HP Green R&D Centre, HPCL is further advancing next-generation clean-energy technologies, including innovations in biofuels, hydrogen solutions and low-carbon fuel formulations, reinforcing its commitment to sustainable energy pathways.
- ONGC – Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited
Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) is driving a strategic transition toward cleaner energy with a 2038 Net Zero (Scope 1 & 2) goal, expanding solar and wind capacity, improving efficiency, reducing flaring and strengthening waste and resource management. Its community initiatives—from solar lighting to eco-friendly cremation systems—underscore its broader sustainability vision. As India’s largest upstream energy company, ONGC is aligning growth with long-term climate responsibility.
Energy Transition
ONGC has set an ambition to achieve Net Zero (Scope 1 and 2) emissions by 2038 and is pursuing multiple pathways to support this transition. A key pillar of its strategy is the rapid expansion of renewable energy, with a target of 10 GW by 2030 — a significant scale-up from the ~189.53 MW (36.53 MW solar and 153 MW wind) installed as of 31 March 2023. The company is assessing suitable locations across its operational centers to add around 100 MW of solar capacity in the near term and is also evaluating offshore wind opportunities to diversify its clean-energy portfolio.
To complement renewable expansion, ONGC has developed an internal hydrogen roadmap and is exploring low-carbon technologies such as green hydrogen, green ammonia and Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS). Operational decarbonisation is driven by annual GHG accounting for Scope 1 and 2 emissions, identification of emission hotspots and adoption of mitigation measures including energy-efficient systems, flaring reduction, micro-turbines, LED deployment and increased clean-energy use across facilities.
Sustainability governance is guided by the Carbon Management & Sustainability Group under the Director (Exploration), ensuring structured implementation of climate-focused initiatives.
Through these integrated efforts, ONGC is steadily reducing its carbon footprint, strengthening its low-carbon capabilities and aligning its long-term growth with India’s climate commitments.
Green Initiatives
ONGC has undertaken a comprehensive range of green and sustainability initiatives aimed at reducing environmental impact, improving operational efficiency and supporting community well-being. The company conducts annual GHG accounting for its Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions, identifies emission hotspots and implements mitigation measures across its installations. These include adopting renewable energy, deploying energy-efficient equipment, expanding LED lighting, using micro-turbines, reducing gas flaring, practising dynamic gas blending and strengthening other energy-efficiency programmes. ONGC has also committed to scaling its renewable-energy capacity to 10 GW by 2030, marking a major shift toward cleaner energy sources.
In resource and waste management, the company follows rigorous processes for segregation, storage, recycling, reuse and safe disposal of hazardous, non-hazardous and e-waste, ensuring compliance with environmental norms and minimising ecological harm.
ONGC’s community-focused green initiatives further reinforce its sustainability agenda. Through its CSR programmes, the company has installed solar street lights in several villages and operational areas, improving access to clean energy. Its innovative “green cremation” systems — 30 units across eight cities — have saved an estimated 13,700 tonnes of wood and prevented about 26,500 tonnes of greenhouse-gas emissions annually.
By integrating operational decarbonisation with meaningful community-level environmental action, ONGC is advancing a balanced and responsible approach to sustainable development.
- GAIL (India) Limited
GAIL is advancing India’s energy transition with a clear Net Zero roadmap focused on emission reduction, renewable energy, carbon capture and green hydrogen. Through wind and solar projects, energy-efficiency upgrades, biofuel and waste-to-energy initiatives, and biodiversity efforts, GAIL is driving progress toward a low-carbon future. As India’s largest natural-gas marketer and transporter, it plays a pivotal role in shaping the nation’s clean-energy landscape.
Energy Transition
GAIL (India) Limited has developed a detailed, science-based Net Zero roadmap aimed at significantly reducing greenhouse-gas emissions across its operations and value chain. The company targets a 100% reduction in Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions by 2035, along with a 35% reduction in Scope 3 emissions by 2040. Its strategy is built on four key pillars: operational decarbonisation, energy transition, CCUS deployment and carbon offsetting.
Operational decarbonisation includes energy-efficiency enhancements, replacement of older equipment, electrification of gas-based plants, methane-control measures through LDAR programmes and the installation of waste-heat and flare-gas recovery systems. Under its energy-transition efforts, GAIL has built a renewable-energy base of roughly 118 MW of wind and around 27–17 MW of solar power. It has also commissioned a 10 MW green-hydrogen electrolyser at Vijaipur, reinforcing its push toward clean fuels and enabling future low-carbon pathways.
In carbon management, GAIL is investing in CCUS technologies and exploring CO₂ conversion into value-added products such as methanol and polycarbonate diol in collaboration with research partners. For offsetting, it has planted more than 3.5 lakh trees over the last two years, including through the Miyawaki method, and plans annual plantations of about one lakh trees.
A strong sustainability-governance framework — led by a dedicated Sustainability Policy and monitored by a Sustainable Development Committee — supports climate-risk assessment, performance tracking and alignment with global ESG standards.
Green Initiatives
GAIL (India) Limited has adopted a comprehensive, multi-pronged strategy to advance its green initiatives and transition toward more sustainable operations. The company currently operates about 145 MW of renewable-energy capacity — comprising 118 MW of wind and 27 MW of solar — and plans to expand this portfolio to several gigawatts by 2035, marking a major shift toward clean power.
Under its energy-management and efficiency programme, GAIL has implemented upgrades across facilities by replacing outdated motors and air-conditioning systems with high-efficiency models, shifting from gas-turbine generators to grid electricity where viable, and transitioning to LED lighting. These measures collectively deliver several million kWh of annual energy savings and contribute to substantial CO₂-emission reductions.
In clean fuels, GAIL has commissioned a 10 MW green-hydrogen plant at Vijaipur, producing around 4.3 tonnes per day of high-purity hydrogen using renewable power. This hydrogen will support captive consumption and future retail supply, reinforcing the company’s move toward low-carbon energy solutions.
GAIL is also expanding into biofuels and waste-to-energy projects, including a Compressed Bio Gas plant in Ranchi that converts municipal solid waste into usable biogas, with more such facilities planned.
Environmental stewardship remains central to its operations, supported by biodiversity assessments, greenbelt development and compliance with ecological buffer zones. Through renewable expansion, clean-fuel innovation, energy-efficiency upgrades and ecosystem-focused practices, GAIL is steadily reducing its environmental footprint and strengthening India’s clean-energy transition.
- Oil India Limited (OIL)
Oil India Limited, one of India’s pioneering upstream energy companies, is working toward a Net Zero future by 2040, focusing on cutting emissions, improving energy efficiency, and electrifying its operations. Alongside this, it is expanding into renewables, green hydrogen, biofuels and CBG, while caring for water, waste, and local ecosystems — building a sustainable, low-carbon energy legacy.
Energy Transition
Oil India Limited (OIL) has laid out a clear and ambitious roadmap to achieve net-zero emissions by 2040, reflecting its commitment to sustainability and low-carbon energy. The company is targeting a 100% reduction in Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions, following a phased plan with milestones of about 25% by 2026, 85% by 2030, 95% by 2035, and complete net zero by 2040.
To reach these goals, OIL is focusing on practical, impactful measures such as eliminating routine gas flaring, controlling fugitive emissions, electrifying its installations, and improving efficiency through operational consolidation. The company is also expanding its renewable-energy portfolio and investing in cleaner fuels, including green hydrogen, bioethanol, and compressed biogas. A pilot green-hydrogen plant has already been commissioned at Jorhat, Assam, and experiments are ongoing to blend hydrogen with natural gas, helping develop low-carbon energy solutions for the future.
OIL’s approach is guided by a strong ESG governance framework. It conducts climate-risk assessments at all operational sites following global best practices and is committed to transparency by publicly disclosing material risks. To support this transition, the company has earmarked around Rs. 20,000–25,000 crore over the coming years for renewable-energy projects, retrofitting operations for efficiency, and decarbonising its value chain.
Through these efforts, OIL is not just reducing its carbon footprint—it is actively shaping a sustainable, low-carbon future for India’s energy sector.
Green Initiatives
Oil India is actively working to make its operations greener, focusing on renewable energy, ecosystem conservation, and reducing its environmental footprint. The company has installed around 188 MW of renewable energy — mostly wind and some solar — across Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Assam. OIL is also exploring green hydrogen, with a pilot 100 kW plant at its Jorhat facility and supporting innovative projects like a hydrogen fuel cell bus through its “SNEH” startup programme.
The company is rolling out 25 compressed biogas (CBG) plants across the country, turning municipal waste, agricultural residues, and other organic materials into clean fuel, contributing to both sustainable energy and better waste management.
OIL’s environmental care extends to forests, wildlife, and local communities. Through Project Vasundhara, it has restored degraded forest land, developed bamboo groves, and converted old waste dumps into green spaces. Wildlife protection, including efforts for the white-winged duck, eco-tourism, and alternative livelihoods, are part of its community-focused approach.
Water and waste management are priorities too. Produced water is treated and reused, zero liquid discharge is targeted, and hazardous and e-waste are safely disposed of. Air and noise pollution are closely monitored through audits and advanced monitoring systems.
Through its strong Environmental Policy and ESG framework, OIL is embedding sustainability into everyday operations, balancing energy production with care for people and the planet.
- Petronet LNG
Petronet LNG, India’s leading LNG importer, is driving the nation’s clean energy transition through energy-efficient operations, cleaner mobility, cold-energy utilisation, and ecological restoration. With zero-liquid-discharge terminals, growing solar capacity, and strong PSU partnerships, the company integrates sustainability into its operations while advancing toward a net-zero future.
Energy Transition
Petronet LNG is moving towards net-zero emissions by 2040, combining practical action with long-term commitment. One of its most impactful steps has been shifting from in-house gas turbine power to cleaner grid electricity. This single transition has already cut its carbon footprint by around 16%, showing how thoughtful operational choices can create meaningful change. The company also keeps a close eye on daily energy use, making adjustments whenever needed — a simple but powerful habit that keeps efficiency at the core of its operations.
As India’s leading LNG importer, Petronet sees natural gas as an important bridge in the country’s shift to cleaner energy. By expanding access to LNG, it helps industries and households move toward a lower-carbon fuel that is cleaner than traditional alternatives.
The company’s environmental efforts don’t stop with emissions. Petronet actively works on reducing, segregating, and recycling waste across its facilities. Its terminals operate as zero-discharge plants, treating and reusing wastewater within the system — a thoughtful approach that protects local water resources and builds long-term sustainability.
Together, these actions reflect a company steadily moving toward a greener future, grounded in practical steps and a clear sense of responsibility.
Green Initiatives
Petronet LNG’s green initiatives reflect a thoughtful, hands-on approach to environmental responsibility. Along India’s coastline, the company has nurtured over 1,150 hectares of mangroves in Gujarat and Kerala — living ecosystems that protect the shore, support marine life, and create a healthier environment for nearby communities. Its terminals at Dahej and Kochi follow a strict zero-liquid-discharge policy, ensuring that every drop of wastewater is treated and reused, reducing pressure on local water sources.
Petronet is steadily embracing cleaner energy as well. Rooftop solar installations already generate 360 kWp of power, with plans to expand to 560 kWp. The company also makes innovative use of “cold energy” released during LNG handling, repurposing it for air-conditioning and nitrogen production — a smart way to cut energy consumption while reducing emissions.
Cleaner mobility is another area where Petronet is making tangible progress. By introducing LNG-powered buses for employee transportation, it has managed to lower emissions by nearly 20% compared to diesel vehicles.
Beyond operations, Petronet regularly brings employees and local communities together for beach cleanups, tree-planting drives, and the creation of green belts around its facilities — a reminder that sustainability is not just a policy but a shared culture within the organisation.
- Engineers India Limited (EIL)
Engineers India Limited (EIL), a leading engineering consultancy and EPC company, is advancing a net-zero vision by 2035 through solar expansion, biogas energy, electric mobility, and efficient infrastructure. Its green campus, Miyawaki forest, and digital practices reflect practical sustainability. With expertise in green hydrogen, biofuels, and waste-to-energy, EIL is driving India’s clean-energy transition.
Energy Transition
EIL is reshaping its operations to move towards a net-zero future, with a clear plan to achieve this by 2035. The company is working to reduce emissions at the source by cutting down direct CO₂ output, phasing out fossil-fuel vehicles, and shifting fully to electric mobility for official transport. It is also improving energy efficiency across its campuses, aiming to significantly lower power consumption through smarter systems and upgraded equipment.
EIL is strengthening its clean-energy footprint by expanding solar capacity, adding new rooftop installations, and even piloting rooftop wind solutions. Within its premises, initiatives like a biogas plant for cooking underline a practical shift towards greener everyday operations.
Digital transformation is another pillar of EIL’s journey. Tools like the EngCO2™ platform help track emissions more accurately, while paperless workflows and energy-efficient laptops reduce the environmental load of routine activities.
At the same time, EIL is helping other industries transition to cleaner pathways through its consultancy in green hydrogen, biofuels, waste management, and zero-liquid-discharge solutions — ensuring that sustainability is embedded not only in its own operations but also in the projects it delivers.
Green Initiatives
Weaving sustainability into the way it works, EIL is rolling out a range of green initiatives across its campuses and projects. The company has significantly expanded its clean-energy footprint by installing rooftop solar systems that now total 940 kWe, with more solar capacity and even a pilot rooftop wind project on the way. Within its facilities, a biogas plant converts organic waste into clean cooking fuel, while energy-efficient laptops, LED lighting with occupancy sensors, and other power-saving measures help reduce overall consumption.
EIL is also making everyday operations more eco-friendly. Electric vehicles, along with EV charging points, are being adopted for official use, while e-golf carts and e-bicycles support clean mobility within its campuses. Small but meaningful steps — like water-saving tap sprinklers, reusable ceramic cups, and increased use of recycled paper — further reinforce its commitment to resource conservation.
To enhance biodiversity, EIL has created a lush Miyawaki forest at its Gurugram complex, planting more than 8,000 native saplings to act as a carbon sink and revive local ecology.
Beyond its own premises, EIL’s green engineering expertise extends to designing biorefineries, waste-to-energy plants, bio-methane facilities, and green-hydrogen infrastructure, helping industries across India move towards cleaner, low-carbon pathways.
- Steel Authority India Limited SAIL –
Steel Authority India Limited (SAIL), one of India’s largest steel producers, is course-plotting a long-term shift toward sustainability with a net-zero goal for 2070. It is adopting energy-efficient technologies, renewable energy, water conservation, waste recycling, and ecological restoration, while partnering globally to advance low-carbon steelmaking and build a greener future.
Energy Transition
SAIL is embracing a thoughtful, future-ready shift as it works toward India’s net-zero goals, guided by a clear plan stretching to 2070. Its transition began with major upgrades across its plants, which helped the company cut carbon intensity by nearly 20% since 2005 by adopting smarter, more energy-efficient technologies.
Now, SAIL is deepening its efforts by improving raw material quality, reducing coke use in blast furnaces, using by-product gases to generate power, and bringing in Industry 4.0 tools to make its operations cleaner and more precise. The company aims to bring down its emission intensity to about 2.19–2.30 tCO₂ per tonne of crude steel by 2030.
Clean energy is becoming a bigger part of this journey. SAIL plans to expand its renewable capacity to 384 MW by 2028–29, reducing its dependence on fossil fuels.
To accelerate its green transition, SAIL is also partnering with global leaders to introduce advanced, low-carbon steelmaking technologies. Alongside this, the company continues to focus on responsible environmental practices—recycling, conserving resources, restoring land, and undertaking plantation drives—ensuring sustainability becomes a natural part of how it works every day.
Green Initiatives
SAIL is taking meaningful steps to make its operations more sustainable and environmentally responsible, blending modern technology with a strong commitment to nature. Across its plants and mines, the company’s Environment Management Division ensures that pollution is controlled, resources are used efficiently, and sustainability is built into everyday operations.
Water conservation has been a key focus, with specific water consumption reduced by around 22% over the past decade. Effluent discharge has also been significantly cut through advanced treatment and reuse practices. Solid waste, including slag and other by-products, is being creatively recycled and repurposed, supporting industries such as cement, construction, and agriculture while minimizing landfill impact.
Energy sustainability is another priority. SAIL has invested in solar power across its facilities and uses bagasse-based co-generation in one plant, with an ambitious target of achieving 384 MW of renewable capacity by 2028–29.
The company is equally committed to ecological restoration and biodiversity. In 2024–25 alone, over 300,000 saplings were planted, bringing the total to more than 22 million. Mined-out lands are being rehabilitated through ecological restoration programs that promote soil stability and native vegetation, helping ecosystems recover.
To further its green ambitions, SAIL has joined global initiatives like LeadIT, signaling its determination to adopt low-carbon practices and collaborate internationally in driving sustainable steel production.
- Coal India Limited –
Coal India Limited, one of the world’s largest coal producers, is advancing a more sustainable future by expanding renewables, restoring mined-out land, and adopting energy-efficient practices. Through solar projects, plantation drives, water conservation, and eco-parks, CIL is reducing its environmental footprint while supporting India’s long-term energy needs.
Energy Transition
Coal India Limited outlines a steady, practical path toward lower emissions through a mix of clean-energy expansion and operational efficiency. The company is steadily growing its renewable-energy footprint, operating close to 200 MW of solar capacity and generating over 120 million units of clean power in 2024–25. This shift helps cut nearly a lakh tonnes of CO₂ every year. The roadmap ahead is far more ambitious: CIL is working toward installing 3 GW of solar power by 2026 as part of its broader goal of becoming a Net Zero Energy Company.
Alongside renewables, Coal India is tightening energy use across its mines and offices. Subsidiaries have adopted LED lighting, efficient water-heating systems, improved fans, automatic street-light timers and capacitor banks to maintain high power-factor levels. These steps together saved more than 155 million units of electricity in 2024–25, translating into significant avoided emissions.
The company is also widening its business focus. Beyond coal, it is exploring cleaner and more future-ready options like solar, wind, pumped-storage power and critical minerals, as well as technologies such as underground coal gasification. This gradual diversification supports a longer-term transition toward a lower-carbon energy ecosystem.
Green Initiatives
Coal India Limited is weaving sustainability into the heart of its operations. The company is expanding its clean-energy footprint with nearly 197 MW of solar capacity already in place, generating over 120 million units of green power for its own use. Building on this momentum, Coal India is gearing up for a major leap — targeting 3 GW of renewable capacity by 2027–28 and 9.5 GW by 2029–30, marking a significant shift away from traditional energy sources.
Across its mines, offices, and townships, the company has embraced practical energy-saving measures: switching to LED lighting, installing efficient motors, water heaters and super-fans, using auto-timers for streetlights, and maintaining high power-factor levels through capacitor banks. These efforts collectively cut electricity use and lower emissions.
Coal India is also focusing on restoring the landscapes it works in. In 2024–25 alone, it planted 40.38 lakh saplings across more than 1,700 hectares, transforming overburden dumps, haul roads, and community spaces with fresh green cover. The creation of 32 eco-parks on reclaimed land adds another thoughtful touch — offering local communities spaces for recreation while boosting biodiversity.
Through renewable expansion, conservation measures, and large-scale land restoration, the company is steadily pushing its operations in a greener, more sustainable direction.
- RITES Limited
RITES Ltd, a leading Indian infrastructure and transport consultancy, drives the nation’s development with expertise in railways, highways, ports, and urban projects, combining technical excellence with sustainability. Through its subsidiary REMCL, it advances renewable energy, operating a 26 MW wind plant, enabling 1,600 MW of round-the-clock clean power, and promoting energy efficiency, supporting India’s net-zero and sustainable infrastructure goals.
Energy Transition
RITES is advancing steadily towards carbon neutrality through a structured roadmap that aligns with the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Climate Agreement. The company has adopted specific environmental targets, robust tracking mechanisms, and a commitment to significantly scale up renewable energy usage across operations.
Its National Energy Management Centre (NEMC) plays a crucial role in real-time load forecasting and energy scheduling, enabling improved efficiency and grid optimisation. For its own transition, RITES is investing in rooftop and captive solar capacity to increase its renewable energy share. Although the current contribution is modest, the company has set clear internal milestones, with major solar installations planned for commissioning within the year. These efforts reflect a deliberate shift towards lowering operational emissions and strengthening clean-energy adoption.
By integrating sustainable materials, minimising construction waste, embracing advanced technologies, and expanding renewable capacity, RITES is charting a credible, globally benchmarked pathway towards Net Zero—reinforcing its position as a leader in sustainable infrastructure development.
Green Initiatives
RITES’ sustainability approach is anchored in the Reduce–Reuse–Recycle framework. As reflected in its Business Responsibility and Sustainability Report (BRSR), the company demonstrates a strong commitment to environmentally responsible development. These principles are woven into the lifecycle of every project—from design to execution—ensuring alignment with eco-friendly practices at every stage.
The company prioritises energy efficiency, adopts sustainable and low-waste construction materials, and leverages modern construction technologies that minimise resource consumption. Through meticulous planning, it reduces material wastage, promotes recycling wherever feasible, and encourages innovative, low-emission construction methods. RITES also integrates renewable power into its operations and project management processes, reducing reliance on conventional energy sources.
Its subsidiary REMCL continues to support Indian Railways’ major renewable energy programmes, adding scale and impact to the company’s broader sustainability footprint. Simultaneously, RITES is enhancing its own energy mix through planned solar installations across major buildings, expected to be commissioned within the current year.
By combining operational discipline with climate-conscious engineering, RITES ensures that its infrastructure solutions remain future-ready, sustainability-aligned, and consistent with globally recognised benchmarks.
- Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL)
Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), one of India’s leading engineering and manufacturing companies, has been committed to environmental responsibility since its inception. It not only produces equipment and solutions that enable clean and efficient energy systems but also continuously works to minimize the environmental footprint of its own operations.
Energy Transition
BHEL has launched nine focused, company-wide initiatives to accelerate its green transition and embed sustainability across operations. These include planting 75,000 saplings to expand green cover, conducting comprehensive water audits, and achieving Zero Liquid Discharge at all units to enhance water-use efficiency. The company is also developing water bodies within campuses to support biodiversity and installing additional rainwater harvesting systems to strengthen groundwater recharge.
To improve energy performance, BHEL is undertaking detailed energy audits and increasing the use of natural daylight in workshops and buildings to reduce electricity consumption. Solid waste management is being strengthened through segregation and composting across townships, while the expansion of captive solar PV capacity aims to increase renewable-energy use and lower the overall carbon footprint.
Collectively, these initiatives target reduced emissions, improved resource conservation, and enhanced environmental responsibility across operations. Outcomes are reviewed annually, and strategies adjusted to ensure long-term progress. By integrating its Harit BHEL vision into corporate planning, the company is evolving from a traditional engineering leader into a champion of sustainable industrial development. With its Net Zero ambition and GreenCo-driven reforms, BHEL is poised to drive low-carbon innovation and support India’s transition toward cleaner infrastructure.
Green Initiatives
In recent years, recognising the urgent need for accelerated climate action, BHEL has launched हरित बीएचईएल (Harit BHEL)—a comprehensive initiative aimed at transforming the company into a Green Company while embedding sustainability across every stage of its value chain. At the heart of Harit BHEL is an ambitious commitment to achieve Net Zero Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions by 2047, in line with India’s long-term climate goals. To drive this transition, BHEL follows a structured approach that includes annual assessment of carbon emissions at each unit, setting unit-specific reduction targets, and implementing action plans focused on energy efficiency, renewable energy integration, and process optimisation.
BHEL is also working closely with suppliers and customers to encourage reductions in Scope 3 emissions, ensuring wider decarbonisation across the ecosystem. A key pillar of Harit BHEL is bringing all manufacturing units under the Green Company Rating (GreenCo) framework, a globally recognised system that evaluates performance in areas such as energy efficiency, water stewardship, waste reduction, renewable energy use, green supply chains, and lifecycle sustainability.
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Solar Energy Corporation of India Limited (SECI)
Solar Energy Corporation of India Limited (SECI) drives India’s renewable energy transition through sustainability, innovation, and energy security. Evolving into a full-spectrum clean energy organisation, it leads major solar and wind projects while advancing frontier green technologies. As the nation’s key Renewable Energy Implementing Agency, SECI strengthens the sector through transparent bidding and strategic collaborations.
Energy Transition
SECI has broadened its collaborative ecosystem in FY 2024–25 by signing multiple Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) with domestic and international partners across project development, R&D, and knowledge-sharing. These partnerships reflect its expanding global presence and support India’s aspiration to become a leading exporter of clean energy technologies. SECI’s offshore wind tenders, floating solar initiatives, and consultancy services further demonstrate its evolution from an implementing agency to a strategic developer and global clean energy solutions provider.
Looking ahead, SECI’s priorities remain closely aligned with national renewable-energy goals and emerging industry requirements. The organisation aims to expand its project pipeline, introduce innovative market-based models for renewable deployment, and enhance institutional support for the power sector. Its increasing focus on tailored green energy solutions for the Commercial & Industrial (C&I) segment highlights its commitment to enabling clean transitions across varied consumer groups.
Beyond infrastructure and technology, SECI places strong emphasis on social and environmental responsibility. Its community programs promote healthcare, education, skill-building, women’s empowerment, and local leadership, ensuring that the energy transition also delivers broad socio-economic impact.
Anchored by its Vision to be a “global driving force in energy transformation towards a greener planet,” SECI continues to expand India’s clean energy footprint through innovation, diversification, and global collaboration, shaping a resilient and sustainable energy future.
Green Initiatives
Over the years, SECI’s mandate has grown substantially, reflecting India’s accelerated drive toward its net-zero goals. The organisation has expanded into hybrid projects, Round-the-Clock renewable solutions, and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), all of which strengthen grid reliability and support greater renewable integration. Its efforts in green power procurement and decentralised clean energy systems have lowered fossil-fuel dependence, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and promoted natural resource conservation—firmly positioning SECI as a key enabler of India’s low-carbon transition.
A major marker of SECI’s strategic progression is its entry into sunrise sectors such as green hydrogen, green ammonia, electrolyser manufacturing, and large-scale energy storage. Under the National Green Hydrogen Mission, the Corporation is leading demand aggregation initiatives that will drive industrial offtake, support hard-to-abate sectors, and help build a competitive domestic green hydrogen ecosystem. These efforts are further strengthened by SECI’s involvement in Production Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes and CPSU program allocations, which are shaping a robust, indigenous renewable energy manufacturing value chain.
- RailTel
As India advances toward net-zero by 2070, RailTel Corporation of India Limited—a central public-sector ICT and telecom infrastructure organization under the Ministry of Railways—integrates sustainability, energy efficiency, and environmental stewardship into its operations. Leveraging its pan-India presence, RailTel adopts cleaner technologies and responsible practices, strengthening both sustainability and operational resilience.
Energy Transition
A key element of RailTel’s waste-management strategy is its responsible handling of hazardous battery waste, an essential aspect of telecom and ICT infrastructure operations. The company conducts dedicated auctions for hazardous battery waste, ensuring that disposal occurs through authorized channels and in strict compliance with environmental regulations. This practice not only mitigates ecological risks but also promotes a circular economy approach, reinforcing RailTel’s commitment to sustainable and responsible operations.
These efforts align with a broader national and industrial transition toward greener practices. As India pursues economic growth alongside sustainability, inclusivity, and resilience, RailTel exemplifies how a forward-looking organization can adapt to evolving environmental and operational demands. Its sustainability measures go beyond regulatory compliance, strategically supporting India’s vision for a low-carbon, environmentally responsible future—where digital modernization and ecological stewardship advance together.
By embedding sustainability across governance, operations, and innovation initiatives, RailTel contributes substantially to India’s energy transition. Its emphasis on efficient resource utilization, responsible waste management, and exploration of clean-energy opportunities underscores its commitment to a greener, more resilient ICT ecosystem. Through these initiatives, RailTel not only minimizes its environmental footprint but also positions itself as a key driver of India’s sustainable digital transformation, setting a benchmark for the telecom and ICT sector in the country’s journey toward a low-carbon future.
Green Initiatives
A central pillar of RailTel’s green strategy is its strong focus on energy efficiency and cleaner operations. As telecom companies worldwide increasingly adopt renewable energy and energy-efficient networks, RailTel is strategically positioned to implement and expand similar initiatives. Transitioning to greener technologies not only lowers operational costs but also enhances the company’s brand reputation and contributes meaningfully to India’s national decarbonization goals. These measures reinforce the country’s broader vision of sustainable growth, where innovation and environmental responsibility go hand in hand.
RailTel has also set benchmarks in responsible waste management. The company has established a dedicated committee to oversee the handling and disposal of scrap materials, reflecting its acknowledgment of waste as a significant environmental concern and its commitment to proactive management. Supporting this, RailTel has developed a comprehensive Scrap Disposal Policy, supplemented by detailed Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for both disposal and sale of scrap. These SOPs ensure that all processes—from initial collection and handling to final documentation—are executed with transparency, regulatory compliance, and operational efficiency. By combining energy-efficient operations with structured waste management practices, RailTel demonstrates a holistic approach to sustainability. Through these initiatives, the organization is not only reducing its environmental footprint but also strengthening its role as a responsible and forward-looking ICT and telecom infrastructure provider in India’s journey toward a greener, low-carbon future.
- NHAI – National Highway Authority of India
The National Highway Authority of India (NHAI), established under the NHAI Act, 1988, develops, maintains, and manages national highways. Overseeing 50,329 km under the National Highways Development Project, NHAI ensures transparent, competitive, and quality-driven contracts. National highways, spanning 1,32,499 km, connect key cities, ports, railways, and borders, carrying 40% of India’s road traffic.
Energy Transition
(NHAI) has implemented a range of green initiatives to promote sustainability in highway development. The organisation publishes Sustainability Reports aligned with Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standards, with two reports released to date. The 2024 edition covers 102 indicators across environmental, energy, and governance domains, reflecting NHAI’s commitment to transparent and accountable sustainability practices.
To reduce dependence on conventional construction materials, NHAI has installed 59.2 km of bamboo crash barriers since 2024 and promoted extensive use of industrial by-products. This includes 1,487.6 lakh metric tons of fly ash, 1,064.9 thousand metric tons of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), 1,830.7 thousand metric tons of construction and demolition waste, and 760.3 thousand metric tons of other sustainable materials such as slag, bio-bitumen, and crumb rubber. Renewable energy adoption has also been scaled up, with the installation of 19,258 solar panels and 10,988 solar blinkers along national highways.
A landmark initiative has been the nationwide rollout of FASTag, which has significantly reduced traffic congestion, cut greenhouse gas emissions by over 14,99,695 tons of CO₂e annually, and generated substantial economic benefits. Reduced fuel consumption—17 crore litres of petrol and 39 crore litres of diesel per year—and a reduction in average vehicle waiting time from 12.2 minutes to just 40 seconds have resulted in total tangible benefits of approximately INR 74,405 crore annually. These efforts position NHAI as a pioneer in sustainable infrastructure development.
Green Initiatives
In response to emerging environmental challenges, the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) adopted a proactive approach toward sustainable infrastructure in 2015 by introducing the Green Highways (Plantation, Transportation, Beautification, Maintenance) Policy. This policy integrates environmental considerations into developmental planning, ensuring that highway development supports ecological balance while enhancing road safety and aesthetics.
The Green Highways Policy emphasizes the creation of green corridors along national highways, promoting carbon sequestration, reducing air and noise pollution, and providing habitats for birds. It also contributes to the enhancement of groundwater levels and guides traffic flow, thereby reducing travel hazards. By planting trees and shrubs—natural sinks for air pollutants—the policy helps minimize dust and creates much-needed shade on hot roads during summer, addressing the increasing heat caused by rising vehicular traffic. Additionally, the policy targets soil erosion control at embankment slopes, glare reduction from oncoming headlights, and the generation of local employment opportunities.
Through these initiatives, NHAI demonstrates its commitment to sustainable infrastructure development, circular economy principles, and Mission LiFE, which connects lessons from the past, actions in the present, and a vision for the future. The Green Highways Policy exemplifies NHAI’s holistic approach, reflecting the spirit of sustainable development, inclusive growth, and environmentally responsible highway management, making it a benchmark for green infrastructure initiatives in India.
- National Hydroelectric Power Corporation
National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC) Limited, India’s largest hydropower developer and a key public-sector enterprise under the Ministry of Power, integrates environmental sustainability into the core of its infrastructure development and power-generation operations. With most of its projects located in ecologically sensitive Himalayan and sub-Himalayan regions, the company adopts a precautionary and scientifically driven approach to environmental management.
Green Initiatives –
NHPC implements extensive Catchment Area Treatment (CAT) and soil conservation measures to address continuous soil erosion in reservoir catchments, which can affect project performance and downstream ecosystems. Through engineering interventions, bio-engineering solutions, and biological measures such as planting native and horticultural species, NHPC has restored degraded land, protected fertile topsoil, and encouraged the growth of natural vegetation across several project regions.
Given that many NHPC projects are located in biodiversity-rich areas, detailed Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) guide targeted conservation strategies. Key initiatives include conservation of rare floral species and habitat enhancement at the Subansiri Lower HE Project in Arunachal Pradesh; protection of species like the flying fox and plantation of food plants for butterflies and birds at the Teesta-V Power Station in Sikkim; and the establishment of the Parbati Valley Conservation Cell under the Parbati-II HE Project in Himachal Pradesh to safeguard ecologically sensitive zones. NHPC also undertakes compensatory afforestation equal to or exceeding the forest area diverted for project development, improving wildlife habitats and enriching local ecology.
Sustainable waste management is maintained at all project sites, as seen at the Kishanganga HE Project through vermi-composting and at Chamera Stage-I through authorised biomedical waste disposal. In line with its Corporate Environment Policy, 2016, NHPC further conducts post-construction E&SIA studies to assess long-term environmental and social impacts.
Energy Transition
NHPC, though primarily a hydropower-based organisation, is aligning its long-term strategy with India’s climate commitments, including the 2070 net-zero target. The company is expanding its clean-energy portfolio to include solar power, floating solar PV, pumped hydro storage (PHS), green hydrogen and hybrid renewable systems. These initiatives strengthen NHPC’s role in national decarbonisation by complementing its core renewable operations.
As one of India’s leading developers of pumped-storage hydropower, NHPC is helping build the storage capacity needed for large-scale integration of variable renewable energy such as solar and wind. PHS projects enhance grid stability, support peak-load management and are essential components of any net-zero energy system.
NHPC is also reducing its internal operational emissions through energy-efficient equipment, solar installation in offices and townships, improved water-resource management and increased plantation around project areas. These measures, combined with its inherently low-carbon hydropower generation, make NHPC a major contributor to a cleaner national electricity mix.
The company’s strong environmental stewardship includes integrating ecological safeguards into project planning, carrying out large-scale afforestation, ensuring scientific waste management and conducting post-construction E&SIA studies for continual improvement. By balancing development with conservation, NHPC is advancing a greener, more resilient pathway for India’s hydropower sector and setting a benchmark for sustainable infrastructure.
- National Thermal Power Corporation
National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) has integrated environmental stewardship into the core of its power generation strategy, recognising that sustainable development is essential for long-term energy security and ecological balance. From project planning to operational phases, the company adopts a comprehensive approach to pollution control, biodiversity conservation, and resource efficiency across its power stations.
Energy Transition
In line with national green goals, NTPC has outlined an ambitious long-term transition strategy aimed at achieving Net Zero emissions by 2070. This roadmap is anchored in a major shift toward low-carbon technologies and large-scale renewable-energy development. A key pillar of this strategy is NTPC’s plan to add 60 GW of renewable capacity through utility-scale solar, wind, hybrid systems, floating solar, and emerging green-hydrogen initiatives. The company is also advancing next-generation clean-energy solutions, including battery energy storage systems (BESS), green-methanol pilots, and hydrogen blending in natural-gas networks.
To complement this transition, NTPC has begun retiring older, inefficient thermal units and redeploying land for renewable projects. It is simultaneously improving the performance of its existing fleet through carbon-reduction technologies such as advanced boilers, waste-heat recovery, and flue-gas desulphurisation (FGD). Efforts are also underway to enhance green-power procurement for auxiliary operations and promote electric-vehicle adoption across the organisation.
Overall, NTPC’s sustainability agenda demonstrates a balanced approach to meeting India’s power needs while reducing environmental impact. Through robust pollution-control systems, systematic environmental management, and ecological-restoration initiatives, along with a clear decarbonisation pathway, NTPC underscores its commitment to supporting India’s broader clean-energy transition and integrating environmental stewardship into its core operations.
Green Initiatives
A central pillar of NTPC’s sustainability strategy is the integration of advanced pollution-control systems at the project design stage to meet stringent environmental standards. Technologies such as electrostatic precipitators, flue-gas stacks and low-NOx burners help minimise particulate and gaseous emissions, while neutralisation pits, settling pits and dedicated liquid-waste treatment units protect water quality. Efficient waste-handling systems—including cooling towers, dry ash extraction, ash dykes, ash-water recycling and sewage treatment plants—further reduce environmental impact. NTPC also routinely upgrades and retrofits its facilities to comply with evolving environmental regulations.
During operations, NTPC strengthens environmental stewardship through continuous monitoring using automated systems that generate real-time data for effective oversight and regulatory compliance. Regular environmental reviews, resource-conservation initiatives and comprehensive waste-management practices help reduce the ecological footprint while enhancing operational performance.
Biodiversity conservation is another key focus. At the Farakka Super Thermal Power Station, NTPC has adopted 93 spotted deer from Adina Deer Park in West Bengal, supporting their food, veterinary care and habitat upkeep. The project also undertakes riverine conservation in the Ganga basin through native-fish restocking, portable carp hatcheries, hilsa tagging and awareness drives on aquatic-life protection. These measures help curb land degradation, enhance green cover and ensure that NTPC’s environmental initiatives align with national policies and global sustainability commitments.
Power Finance Commission
Power Finance Corporation (PFC), a Maharatna PSU, integrates environmental sustainability into its financing and operations. As a key power-sector lender, it prioritises green, low-carbon growth through frameworks like its Green Bond Framework and CSR Policy, aligning with national clean-energy goals while supporting community-level ecological improvement.
Energy Transition
PFC’s financing approach is closely aligned with India’s national net-zero vision, particularly the targets of achieving 500 GW of non-fossil fuel capacity by 2030 and lowering emissions intensity as outlined in the country’s NDCs. At the PFC Investor Meet 2024, it was highlighted that the corporation has supported nearly 25% of India’s total renewable-energy installed capacity—reflecting its substantial role in advancing the clean-energy sector.
The meet further emphasised PFC’s growing participation in core transition areas such as renewable-energy generation, electric mobility, energy efficiency and green hydrogen, all of which are central to India’s decarbonisation strategy. Through financing solar-wind hybrid projects, EV-charging networks, battery-energy storage systems and emerging green-hydrogen initiatives, PFC is helping accelerate the development of technologies and infrastructure critical for a low-carbon future.
Beyond financing, PFC’s transition strategy is strengthened through its CSR interventions and its expanding involvement in international green-finance mechanisms. While conventional power projects remain part of its lending portfolio, the company’s increasing investment in renewable energy, collaboration with global climate-finance institutions and sustained community-focused environmental initiatives signal a purposeful shift toward sustainable growth. By linking financial innovation with ecological responsibility, PFC demonstrates how a major power-sector lender can meaningfully contribute to India’s long-term transition to clean and resilient energy systems.
Green Initiatives
A key pillar of PFC’s environmental strategy is its Green Bond Framework, introduced in 2017 and updated in 2021 to align with the ICMA Green Bond Principles and the Climate Bonds Standard. This framework enables PFC to mobilise funds exclusively for renewable and low-carbon projects across the country. Through these resources, PFC has financed major solar and wind assets, including the Bhadla Solar Park in Rajasthan—one of the world’s largest—along with the Rewa Ultra Mega Solar Project in Madhya Pradesh, recognised for pioneering competitive renewable-energy tariffs. The corporation has also supported multiple wind-power clusters in Gujarat and Tamil Nadu, as well as small hydroelectric projects in Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. Investments in biomass and waste-to-energy facilities in states such as Punjab and Andhra Pradesh further demonstrate its efforts to diversify India’s green-energy portfolio.
Environmental responsibility is also embedded in PFC’s CSR initiatives, which combine ecological sustainability with community development. These include installing solar LED street lights in rural Uttar Pradesh and Odisha, distributing solar home-lighting kits in remote Jammu & Kashmir, and supporting water-conservation structures in Maharashtra and Rajasthan, thereby enhancing resilience and improving quality of life.
PFC has additionally expanded its green-finance ecosystem through global collaborations, notably securing a credit line under JBIC’s GREEN operations to support renewable generation, energy-efficient infrastructure and next-generation energy systems. Together with its domestic green-bond issuances, these partnerships strengthen the financial foundation for India’s clean-energy transition.
Powergrid
Power Grid positions environmental stewardship and sustainability as core to its mission, applying an ESG-driven approach grounded in the principles of Avoidance, Minimization and Mitigation—supplemented by Restoration and Enhancement when necessary—to manage environmental and social impacts responsibly. As one of India’s leading transmission utilities, Power Grid integrates these principles across its planning, construction and operational practices to ensure responsible infrastructure development.
Energy Transition
Power Grid has outlined an ambitious carbon-reduction roadmap that aligns closely with India’s national climate commitments. The company has pledged to achieve Net-Zero emissions by 2047, positioning itself as a key enabler of the country’s clean-energy transition. Central to this effort is the development and operation of Green Energy Corridors (GECs) and associated high-voltage transmission systems (765 kV and 400 kV ISTS), which integrate renewable-energy zones into the national grid and ensure efficient evacuation of solar, wind and other clean power to load centres.
Power Grid is also modernising its transmission network to create a smarter and more flexible grid. Through smart-grid technologies, advanced metering systems and ongoing exploration of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), the company aims to enhance grid reliability, reduce variability and improve consumer-side energy management. Strengthening regional transmission through expanded cross-border interconnections further supports energy security and regional power exchange.
Key elements of Power Grid’s net-zero strategy include scaling internal renewable-energy capacity, electrifying its fleet, adopting low-emission technologies at substations and improving resource-efficiency practices. The expansion of rooftop solar, development of utility-scale solar assets, transition to EVs and deployment of digital substations and low-emission equipment collectively underpin
Green Initiatives
A central pillar of Power Grid’s sustainability agenda is its investment in renewable energy and clean-power infrastructure. The organisation has committed to sourcing 50% of its electricity consumption from renewable sources by 2025. In line with this goal, it has installed rooftop solar-PV systems at more than 150 locations, achieving a combined capacity of 10.2 MWp, with additional capacity under various stages of planning and implementation.
Power Grid also undertakes comprehensive environmental-management measures focused on resource conservation, water sustainability, waste management and ecological restoration. Rainwater-harvesting and groundwater-recharge systems are mandated across its installations to promote responsible water use. Under its CSR programme, the company actively supports afforestation initiatives, conducting plantation drives in regions such as Kokrajhar, Chhattisgarh, Gurgaon and Auraiya. To date, more than 700,000 trees—primarily indigenous species—have been planted to enhance biodiversity and reduce ecological impact.
The company’s CSR-driven environmental and community initiatives further reinforce its sustainable-development focus. These include installing solar street lights in rural areas, restoring lakes and ponds, supporting watershed management and strengthening rural livelihoods in underserved regions. Power Grid’s contributions in watershed development and community engagement earned it the “Global Gold Award” from The Green Organization, recognising its role in promoting agricultural productivity and improving rural livelihoods through integrated, sustainable interventions.
Rural Electrification Corporation Limited
Rural Electrification Corporation Limited (REC), a Maharatna public-sector company under the Ministry of Power, has committed itself to promoting environmentally sustainable development through both its financing activities and its own internal operations. The company recognises that in order to support India’s transition toward cleaner energy and sustainable infrastructure, finance and policy must go hand in hand with ecological responsibility.
Energy Transition
At its 55th Annual General Meeting in 2024, REC released its first comprehensive Sustainability Report, aligned with global reporting standards. During the AGM, the leadership announced that the company has established its carbon-footprint baseline and is developing a Net Zero plan for its operations, signalling long-term intent to decarbonise internal activities.
REC is also implementing direct measures to cut its operational emissions. As outlined in its 2024–25 report, electricity accounts for nearly 85% of its Scope 1 and 2 emissions. To address this, REC has committed to sourcing 100% renewable electricity for its headquarters starting FY 2025–26, while doubling its on-site solar capacity alongside its existing rooftop solar installations.
Strategically, REC has set an ambitious goal to scale up its renewable-energy financing. It plans to increase its renewable-energy loan exposure from the current ₹53,000–55,000 crore to about ₹3 lakh crore by 2030—representing a tenfold expansion. Supporting this agenda, REC signed MoUs worth ₹1.12 lakh crore at the 2024 RE-INVEST event, spanning technologies such as solar-wind hybrids, RTC renewables, floating solar, hydropower, BESS, pumped storage, green hydrogen, solar-module manufacturing, green-energy corridors and EV infrastructure.
Together, these measures—green financing, operational decarbonisation and a Net Zero roadmap—demonstrate REC’s comprehensive commitment to environmental stewardship and its role in advancing India’s sustainable-energy transition.
Green Initiatives
A core element of REC’s sustainability agenda is its Green Finance framework, through which the company funds renewable-energy and low-carbon projects such as solar, wind, hydroelectric power, battery storage and clean-energy infrastructure. In September 2024, REC raised USD 500 million via internationally certified green bonds, with proceeds dedicated to renewable-energy generation, energy efficiency, storage solutions and low-carbon transport. Over the coming years, REC aims to expand its renewables loan portfolio substantially, reinforcing its commitment to steering India’s energy-sector financing toward sustainability.
Through the REC Foundation, its CSR arm, the company supports initiatives that integrate social development with environmental responsibility. These include renewable-energy access, rural infrastructure development, sanitation, waste management and community electrification. One notable initiative is REC’s funding commitment for a 1 MW solar PV plant at a rural institute in Tamil Nadu to promote clean energy and reduce dependence on conventional power.
REC is also taking steps to decarbonise its own operations. The company is expanding rooftop solar installations, which generated over 1,300 MWh in FY 2024–25, avoiding more than 1,000 tonnes of CO₂. It has committed to sourcing 100% green electricity for its headquarters from FY 2025–26.
Beyond financing, REC contributes to India’s clean-energy transition by supporting solar parks, wind farms, hydro projects, biomass and waste-to-energy facilities, as well as storage technologies. It is also transitioning its corporate fleet to electric vehicles, with 76% converted so far, while adopting energy-management systems, wastewater treatment and responsible procurement practices to reduce its environmental footprint.
